From where did this air pollution came? What are the main sources of air pollution?
According to the reports, 1414. 96 PPM CO2 is released every day due to human activities.
Today, human is facing air pollution due to itself. It can cause irritation in eyes throat and respiratory system.
I will try to discuss about the sources of air pollutant and their classification.
We will also describe about which oxides are responsible for it and from where does it come.
Before that if you want to discuss on air pollution.
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Classification of sources
- Man made or anthropogenic
Natural
Pollen grains use air as transport medium through which it can travel to one place to another.
It is natural process which is useful for plant reproduction.
Pollen grains cause lung related disease which is known as hay fever.
Volcanic eruption introduce ash and other harmful gases into the atmosphere.
Establishment of CO2 and smoke occurs by forest fires.
Due to burning of wood production of CO2 and smoke occurs which also increase the rate of deforestation.
Concentration of salt in water of ocean is high . Ocean introduces salt particles into the biosphere.
Dust storm are reason for presence of dust or sand particles in the biosphere.
Man made sources
In contrast to the Natural sources, man made sources cause problem enough to endanger life and property.
It includes:
Industrial unit : Are most important sources of hazardous air pollutant.
It produce harmful gases like Co2 ,NOx and SOx into the atmosphere.
Thermal power plants establish the chemical and fog in the environment.
It also make Earth thermally unstable which can cause global warming.
The main sources of gases like Co2, NOx and SOx is automobile exhaust.
Major amount of air pollution is produced by automobile through which human transfer himself and livelihood.
Fossil fuel consumed for production of various kind of energy like electric energy heat energy and nuclear energy.
Over consumption of fossil fuels lead to the problems like Environment degradation.
Mining of resources introduces dust, smoke and other harmful pollutants into the atmosphere.
Domestic burning of woods leads to generation of CO2 into biosphere which can cause climate change and global warming.
Man made sources can be generally classified into
- Point or stationary sources
Point or stationary sources
Examples of point sources is an industrial unit which adds pollutant to air at a particular point from their tall chimneys.
Pollutants from such point sources effect only restricted areas.
Line on mobile sources
Line or mobile sources of air pollution are automobiles as these add pollutant along a narrow belt and over long distance.
Area sources
Town's and cities add smoke and gases over wide areas and so it is called as area sources of air pollution.
Classification of air pollutants:
Classification based on origin
According to the origin air pollutants can be classified into
Primary pollutants
These are emitted directly from the sources and are found in the atmosphere in the form in which they are emitted.
Example sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide hydrocarbons, smoke, dust, mist ,sprays radioactive compounds.
Secondary pollutants
These are formed in atmosphere by chemical interaction between primary pollutants and atmospheric constituents.
For example Ozone ,sulfur trioxide, peroxyacetyl nitrate PAN( aldehyde ketones )etc.
According to the state of matter
Gaseous pollutants
These pollutants are in gaseous state at normal temperature and pressure.
Common gas pollutants are CO2, NOx , SOx, hydrocarbons and photochemical oxidants.
Particulates air pollution
These includes suspended droplets, solid particles or their mixture in the atmosphere commonly referred as the particulates.
For example aerosols (all air suspension smaller than 1 mm ), dust, smoke, fumes, mist, fog, smog and natural particulates such as pollen grains ,protozoa ,fungal spores and volcanic dust.
Table of Air pollutant and it's sources
Pollutant | Sources |
Sulphur dioxide | Colourless gas produced by coal and oil combustion and certain industrial sources |
Nitrogen oxides | Brownies Orange gas produced by motor vehicle and combustion are major industrial sources |
Hydrogen sulphide | Refineries, chemical industries and bituminous fuels |
Carbon monoxide | Burning of coal, gasoline, motor exhausts |
Hydrogen cyanide | Blast furnace, fumigation, chemical manufacturing metal planting etc |
Ammonia | Explosives, dye making, fertilizer plants and lacquers |
Phosgene or carbonyl chloride | Chemical and dye making |
Aldehydes, facts or glycerols | Thermal decomposition of oil, tracks |
Arsines | Process involving metal or acids containing arsenic soldering. |
Suspended particles (ash, shoot, smoke etc) | solid or liquid particles produced by combustion and other processes at a major industrial sources |
Lead | Very small particles emitted from motor vehicles and smelters |
Ozone | Colourless gas formed from a reaction between motor vehicles emissions and sunlight. It is a major components smog |
Classification of Anthropogenic air pollution sources
Source type | Category | Important sources |
Combustion | Stationery | Power plant, industrial boilers, diesel generators, municipal all industrial incineration reuse burning |
| Mobile | Motor vehicles Aircraft |
Roasting and heating processes | Non ferrous metallurgical | Roasting ,smelting and refining operations |
| Ferrous metallurgical | Material handling, ore sintering and pelletizing Coke ovens, blast furnace, steel furnace |
| Non metallic minerals | Crushed stones, cement, glass, ceramic, coal cleaning |
Food and agriculture | Food processing Crop Spraying And dusting | Drying, preserving, packaging Pest and weed control |
| Field burning | Refuse burning |
Chemicals, Petroleum, Pulp and paper | Petroleum refining | Boilers, process heaters catalyst regenerators ,flares storage tank ,compressor engines |
| Inorganic chemicals | Sulfuric acid plants, fertilizer manufacturers, nitric acid and ammonia plant, phosphoric acid manufacturer |
| Organic chemicals | Plastics, paint and varnish manufacturers, synthetic rubber, rayon , insecticides, soap and detergent manufacturer, methanol ,phenol ,etc |
| Call and paper ( Kraft process) | Digester blow system, pulp washers, recovery furnace, evaporators ,oxidation towers |
We have also covered topic sources of water pollution in our Article
Conclusion:
I hope you will get the answer about from where the atmosphere getting polluted.
We discussed about the sources of pollutants and what oxides are responsible for this.
I think you know what are the main sources and also discuss about it classification pointwise.
I really think this article will inspire you a lot.
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