- What is acid rain?
- Acid rain is caused by?
- Can acid rain kill you?
If you want answer of the above mentioned queries then you are at the right place.
According to the scientist pH of acid rain is less than 5.6 . Through which we can see that it cannot kill you directly, But!
There are few more indirect ways through which it affects and can kill you. You will get that in the article ( keep reading!).
- Definition
- Acidic rainfall formula
- Causes and effects
- How to reduce ,control or find the solution of acid rain?
Above mentioned list ,is a list of topic which we are going to discuss in article.
( Keep reading ! ).
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Let's start
What Is Acid Rain ?
Definition : when pH of a rainwater is less than 5.6, due to the presence of sulfuric and nitric acid it is called as acid rain.
Natural rainwater has a pH of 5.6 at 20°c, due to formation of carbonic acid ,due to dissolution of co2 in the water.
Co2 + H2o -> H2Co3
Oxides of nitrogen and sulfur originating from industrial operation and fossil fuel combustion are the major causes of it's formation.
2 So2 + O2 -> 2So3
So3 + H2o -> H2So4
This is the reaction for formation of sulphuric acid.
2No + O2 -> 2No2
4No2 + 2H2o + O2 -> 4HNo3
Above mentioned reaction is representation of formation of nitric acid.
Acid Rain Formula (Composition of acid rain)
Sulphuric acid and nitric acid are the major acid found in the rain water .
The proportion of sulphuric acid range from 60 to 70% and that of nitric acid is 30 to 40%.
In the absence of rain, dry ,deposition of acid may occur.
Acid formation gases like oxides of sulfur and nitrogen and acids aerosols get deposited on the surface of water bodies vegetation ,soil and other materials.
Acid Rain Is Caused By ?
Acid rain caused by which gas ?
SO2 and Nox are mainly responsible for formation of it.
For finding it's causes first we have to find the sources of these gases.
Fossil fuel based power plants
According to the latest data 45% of world electricity is generated through the fossil fuel power plants.
Most of world's electricity is produce with the help of coal and crude oil.
And we all know that this power plant are generating harmful gases like carbon oxides ,sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide non stop.
Fossil fuel is not only used in electricity power plant. It is also used as a fuel in nuclear power plant.
Smelting of sulphide ore
Smelting is process which is used for purification of metal.
In this process impure metal containing sulphide is burnt under the high flame in lack of oxygen.
In this process impurities like sulfur gets removed from metal in the form of oxide.
This oxide is sulfur oxide which is responsible for the acidic rainfall.
Through which we can conclude that this is also cause of acid rain.
Automobile exhaust
Human use automobile due to different reasons.
Like transportation of himself or other day to day stuff.
But due to the use of automobile hazardous gases like carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide are introduce in the biosphere.
Because ,to run vehicles, crude oil like petroleum and diesel is used.
Industrial plant using sulfuric and nitric acid.
Industries which use sulfuric and nitric acid for manufacturing of their product.
During the process the waste gases which are produce are, introduced into the atmosphere.
Environmental effect of acid rain
Effects on building material
Acidic rain will cause damage to common building materials such as (limestone and marble), statues and monuments.
Many metals get oxidized . Iron corroded with the presence of to form of rust.
The cost of maintenance of iron structure is high in populated areas.
Fe + 2H^ -> Fe^2+ + H2
It destroyes surface of paints. It create economical problem to human through which we can say it it is dangerous for both ways it also affect health as well as economy.
Effects on aquatic life
First we talk how much water affect the aquatic organism
pH level Dangerous For Acuatic Animals
Organisms Danger level Ph
Trout 5.0
Bass 5.5
Perch 4.5
Frog 4.0
Salamay 5.0
Clams 6.0
Cray fish 5.5
Snail 6.0
Mayfly 5.5
Aquatic life especially fish are affected by lack acidification.
It mobilizes heavy metals such as calcium and mercury in soil ,rock and sediments ,which are then leached out by rain and enter the surface water.
Acidified lake has high levels of cadmium, lead ,aluminium, magnesium, zinc ,copper and nickel.
All these can kill living organism is present in sufficient quantities.
It disturb the food chain of aquatic ecosystem. It result in a reproductive failure.
Effects on fertility of soil
Due to high solubility into water ,plant nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus get leached away which reduce fertility of soil.
It damage foliage and weakness trees.
It makes trees more susceptible to stresses like cold temperature ,draught etc.
Many insects and fungi and more tolerant to acidic conditions and hence they can attack the susceptible trees and causes disease.
It also make atmosphere polluted and hazy. Which is very dangerous for environment.
Solution of acid rain
By adopting this step we can remove acidic rain fall.
Emission of So2 and No2 from industries and power plant should be reduced by using Pollution Control equipment.
Treat the waste by physical and biological test before introducing in the air.
Liming of lake and soil should be done to correct the the adverse effect of acid rain.
Tress like queracus , pyrus , pinus , vitis and Juniparua can protect the earth from acid rain.
Most asked questions on goggle .
Has accident killed anyone?
So answer is "yes" . In 2017- 18 acid rain cause premature death of 500 people ( estimated).
What if it touches you?
The pH of rainfall is less than 5.6 it can not show any hazardous effect on you.
It can affect aquatic ecosystem and environment so affect you indirectly.
Conclusion
I hope that after reading this article all your queries about acid rain will be solve.
Now you know that, what are its causes and effects? We also discuss the how it affects you and your family.
We discussed it's economical and environmental effects and how it is affecting the food chain.
We also try to provide the exact pH list which affect a particular organisms.
I hope how you know the formula and composition of acidic rainfall.
And what are the steps through which you can find solution of it.
This is all we can try to provide information in this topic.
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What is your experience throughout the article comment down below.
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